Clinician-reviewed guides to the sleep and metabolic conditions our board-certified physicians diagnose and manage — what they are, how they're tested for, and what actually treats them.
The anchor condition: repeated airway collapse during sleep, its symptoms, testing, and the full treatment landscape from CPAP to weight-directed care.
Read the guide →Vibration of a narrowed airway during sleep — sometimes harmless, sometimes the loudest signal of obstructive sleep apnea.
Read the guide →Persistent difficulty falling or staying asleep despite adequate opportunity — and the reason behavioral treatment outperforms medication.
Read the guide →Sleepiness and fatigue are different complaints with different causes — and telling them apart is the first diagnostic step.
Read the guide →Shift work, jet lag, and delayed sleep phase are timing problems. The sleep drive is intact — the clock and the schedule are misaligned.
Read the guide →An urge to move the legs that worsens at rest and in the evening. Iron status drives much of it, and first-line drug therapy has changed.
Read the guide →Central disorders of hypersomnolence, where sleepiness persists despite adequate sleep and treated breathing. Diagnosis requires formal testing.
Read the guide →The hormonal transition that reshapes sleep — night sweats, new insomnia, and a real, under-tested rise in sleep apnea risk.
Read the guide →Untreated apnea worsens insulin resistance and glucose control; diabetes in turn worsens breathing during sleep. Both directions are treatable.
Read the guide →Excess weight loads the airway and worsens breathing during sleep; disrupted sleep in turn drives appetite and insulin resistance. Both ends are treatable.
Read the guide →Tirzepatide is FDA-approved for moderate-to-severe sleep apnea with obesity. It reduces severity meaningfully but is not a universal CPAP replacement.
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